人造草坪足球场

一、建设原则

当建造一个新体育场时，首先要考虑它的位置和比赛场地的方向。一般应选择在阳光充足、空气新鲜、地势较高易于排水的地方，同时场地的纵轴应选定南北方向， 以便使运动员、观众和其他人员尽可能远离强烈阳光的照射；力求体育场周围有足够空间，便于将来的发展；有靠近城市的公路和铁路，使观众来去方便。另外，要 考虑和谐的周边环境，并体现安全和舒适的原则。

二、建设要求

足球比赛场地必须平整、自然，应当装有完整的排水系统。

1. 场地线：比赛场地线至挡网的短距离：距离边线6米，距离球门线7.5米。在比赛场地边线外应当有不小于1.5米宽的草皮边缘。

2. 下水道：比赛场地必须有排水系统，以免因大雨而影响比赛进行。

3. 急救通道：具有救护车.消防车等直达场地的急救通道。

4. 场地周围广告牌：当建筑新的体育场时，必须注意场地周围广告牌的放置不可阻挡观众的视线。一般广告牌的高度是90厘米，比赛场地线和广告牌之间的小距离是：边线外5米、球门线后，角旗处为2米；球门区线相交处为3.5米。

5. 旗杆：体育场至少需安装五根旗杆，或是配置至少能悬挂五面旗帜的相关设施。

三、足球场地规格

足球比赛场地是长方形，其长度不得大于120米或小于90米，宽度不得大于90米或小于45米。在任何情况下，长度必须超过宽度。国际足联（FIFA）对认可场地的规格要求为105*68米 。

标准比赛场地长度的线称为边线，标准比赛场地宽度的线称为端线。整个比赛场地由两连条边线和两条端线围成，各条线的宽度（12厘米）都包括在场地内（见图一），并且周围的缓冲区不少于2米。

四、地面要求

坡度朝两边4‰坡度朝四周4‰坡度朝两端3‰

足球场规格示意图

比赛场地地面应是龟背形倾斜，草坪场地倾斜度为4‰-5‰，这都有利于排水。为运动员比赛创造较好条件，使他们在比赛和训练中做出合理冲撞的高难度动作时不发生伤害事故。

人造草坪的基础建议采用经济实惠的c25型水泥混凝土，厚度180mm—200mm。

五、人造草坪对水泥基础的质量要求

1、平整度：合格率在96%以上，5米直尺误差3mm。

2、坡度：弯道8‰，直道5‰，表面应平坦光滑，保证排水。

3、强度和稳定性：表面均匀坚实.无裂缝无烂边，接缝平直光滑，以6000mm*6000mm左右切块为好。垫层压实，密实度大于96%，在中型碾压机压过后，无显著轮迹.浮土松散.波浪等现象。

4、隔水层：采用新加厚隔水薄膜，搭接处应大于200mm，边沿余量大于150 mm。

5、保养期：基础保养期为3-4周。

六、足球场地尺寸（单位：米）

七、标准人造草足球场地施工流程

A．施工方案

1、在人造草产品进场施工前，首先要对场地基础的平整度、坡度和表面观感进行检测，其中平整度的误差不得超过3M直尺3mm，根据广州降水量偏多的气候特 点，场地的排水坡度不得少于0.7%，如平整度和坡度达不到上述指标，则需要对场地基础进行整改，在达到上述要求后，方可进场施工；

2、放线（测量），找出场地的中心点和两个半圆圆心，并根据此三个定位点拉尺放线，定出场地中线和边线交点，然后以勾股定理定出场地中角、点、线的准确位置，进而定出各功能点、线的位置；并用墨线或漆线弹出。

3、将草皮搬入场地沿一条边线的方向摊开，并确保A1卷草中所织的白线与底线相吻合，然后各卷草皮依次由一端的底线向另一端推进，同时，需确保A14或A15卷草皮中的白线与中线相吻合，使A28卷草皮中的白线与另一条底线相吻合，在草皮摊开过程中，尽量减少折皱的出现；

4、将另外编织的白色草皮部分，则必须以手工裁剪成宽度为120mm的白线条，放置一边待用；

5、将绿色草皮各接缝处搭接2-3厘米，用裁草推刀从搭接处中央切开，使两边的草皮尽可能搭接紧凑，然后以裁纸刀进行修剪；

6、将20或30厘米宽的连接带沿草皮接缝处铺开,放入草皮下面，尽量使草皮的接缝位于连接带的中央（如果被雨水打湿，需晾晒半天使之干燥），然后将胶水用橡皮刮板均匀地涂刮在连接带上，再把两边的草皮拼合，胶粘于连接带上，并用橡胶锤捶打，务求使结合部分粘接紧密。如果拉直后拼合处缝隙较大，可在此 处隔2-5厘米割开一道，向接口处拉伸，以确保外形美观；

7、在草皮基本拼接完毕后，再次拉线定出各功能线、点的准确位置，以裁纸刀切开，抽出切下的草条，将连接带放入，刮涂胶水，把原先预备好的白色草线放回，胶结后，用橡胶锤反复捶打，务求连接部分黏结紧密。

8、当草皮摊铺拼接完毕后，草皮上摺折的部份需要以裁纸刀开口，拉直对接，切除重叠的部份，然后胶结；

9、草皮全部粘接完毕后，开始用刷草机进行梳理:一遍用刷草机将全场的倒伏的草线梳立起来。

10、至此草皮的铺装施工全部完成。

B、辅料填注方式

1、按4M*4M的规格对全场进行放点，按不同草高的每平方米注砂公斤数将石英砂均匀的摊铺到规定区域内，用刷草机将石英砂散布均匀并将草线梳起，并纵横梳理一次。

2、按4M*4M的规格对全场进行放点，按不同草高的每平方米注胶粒公斤数将胶粒均匀的摊铺到规定区域内，用刷草机将胶粒散布均匀并将草线梳起，并纵横梳理一次。

3、填充全部完成后，再用刷草机纵横梳理草纤各一次。

4、工作完成后，依照人造草面层的质量要求进行检测和清场，对不合格处进行整改。

八、50MM人造草面层验收标准

1、外观：

（1）、人造草草色均匀一致，边线、底线及点位线镶嵌平滑、顺直，颜色均匀一致、无色差。

（2）、各功能线、点位线宽度尺寸及定位准确，功能区大小符合标准。

（3）、两幅草皮接缝之间无明显间隙，粘结紧凑不开胶。

（4）、填注的砂和胶粒表面洁净，充注饱满，场地平整度误差范围不得超过3m直尺1cm。

2、辅料和填充物厚度：

50MM的人造草需要以下辅料：

3、平整度、坡度

由于人造草皮的厚度由草长决定，而草长是固定的，所以在基础的平整度、坡度验收完后，无须再进行人造草平整度和坡度的检测。

4、各点位线距离尺寸精度

对各种功能线、点位线的标记颜色和尺寸均要符合国际足联规则的要求，误差不得超过2cm。

只要您按照以上方案正确操作，相信您一定能建造一个优良的人造草足球场地。

自然草足球场

足球场工程，要根据建设单位提供的由设计单位设计的图纸——透水层、盲沟设计图、塑胶跑道塑胶面层平面布置图、排水管道平面、高程设计图而确定工程的技术标准。

一、球场场地标准：

根据国际足球联合会规定，世界杯足球赛决赛阶段使用的足球场必须是68m×105m，边线和端线外各有2m宽的保护带，所以标准足球场草坪面积应为72m×109m。通常草坪外还有10~15m的缓冲地带，多用来设置商业广告和教练员休息棚。以上是专业足球场的要求，对于田径足球场，则在草坪外周铺设周长400m的6 ~8条塑胶跑道。

二、足球场的测量与标高：

放祥点严格按照测设、复核、验收三步进行。测设、复核人员仔细查看图纸，．进行放样数据计算。测设和复核应在不完全相同的观测条件下进行，对平面放样点用距离和方向进行检查，复测和检查的点位误差不应大于10毫米，复核合格后交甲方、监理验收。足球场的标高以塑胶跑道的面层为±0．00的基准，以此作为足球场的标高基准。

三、足球场场地的基础要求：

足球场的地平是指使用区与周边非使用区的水平关系。由于各地气候，原地形和投资力度不同，足球场的地平有水平、浅台、浅畦和高台等布局形式。

四、足球场排水系统：

足球场排水系统包括排水砾石或碎石层、排水支管、排水总管。

1．足球场地下排水工程采用人字型排水网络，垂直向下渗水，进入排水支管，排水支管接入四周排水总管，再由排水总管接入空气换气系统，该管道既用作排水，又可通过空气换气系统进行空气调节和用于强排水。

2．按设计和平面示意图，盲沟内埋设φ100mm透水支管（国产），周边铺设φ150mm干管。

3．场内地下排水管纵向排水坡度为3‰(设计要求)。

五、足球场土壤换气系统：

(该系统系美国SoilAir技术公司提供的资料) 此系统只在较高级球场应用，在此不做详细介绍。

六、足球场结构层：

为了达到足球场工程的要求，场地结构层如下所示：

1、卵石层2、砾石层3、粗砂层4、砂性土壤层

该结构层的特点是：

（1）用中砂加上各种有机介质和肥料，形成足球场床坪的种植基层，再加上喷洒系统、排水系统和加温换气系统，就形成了一个足球场合理的基层结构，它使足球场保持了良好的三相要求，即：固、气、水三相，整个场地透气性能好，排水效果好，为草坪草的根系发育提供了良好的条件，这样，使草坪更容易成坪，保持良好的草坪层，满足场地的观赏功能和使用功能。

（2）场地比较平整。而传统的种植层坪床经多次践踏，易产生高低不平、不同程度的板结。砂壤种植层可通过打孔、滚压、覆砂等修复手段，使场地保持平整。

（3）对草坪场地的修复比较容易，由于是砂壤土，故对损坏严重的草坪，可进行切割、铲除、修补，修复简便、容易。

（4）这样结构的场地排水性能好，北方地区夏热多雨，本场地可确保150mm／h的排水量，做到及时排水，场内无积水。

七、足球场场地坡度要求：

1．根据足球场使用功能的要求，足球场面层要非常平整。

2．根据足球场地下排水网络的设置，场地垂直向下渗水，进入排水支管，再进入中央排水总管，直接排出场外。

八、草坪草种的选择、播种：

1．足球场的草种，要求耐磨、耐践踏、再生能力强、恢复快、抗性强、能适应当地的气候，色泽均一。

2．目前世界上还没有象高尔夫球场果岭专用的足球场草坪草品种，因此只能选用相对耐践踏和抗逆性强的草种和品种。足球场草坪草在适宜气候条件下都能良好生长，强度践踏后均有十分优良的恢复能力。

在热带和亚热带多雨地区，足球场草坪可选用狗牙根，细叶结缕草，杂交结缕草和地毯草；在南过度带应选择较耐寒的狗牙根，结缕草，翦股颖中的Prominent和Washington(C-50),高羊茅中的耐热品种如Houndog, Adventure和Crossfire等。为使冬季有绿色的足球场，可用黑麦草补播。一般可根据气候特点在8月或10月份进行交播。而在温带半干旱地区多用高羊茅的细叶品种和草地早熟禾中的抗病品种均适于足球场草坪。

九、喷灌系统：

1．喷灌系统采用耐腐蚀的UPVC管，埋地敷设。喷灌水源两路环合。甲方提供流量28L/S满足要求，水泵扬程80m即可。管道施工完成后要求进行打压试验，试验压力为工作压力的1.5倍。

2．足球场喷头选用TORO690（或美国万美PK90、雨鸟9000）系列。喷洒半径可达20--29米远，喷头压力6.12KG／cm2。不喷灌时收缩于地面以下，喷头顶端有橡胶标准盖子，能够保证运动员安全。

3．喷灌系统选用美国品牌TORO系列产品，经我公司广泛的市场调研与长期施工所积累的经验，TORO产品大量用于竞技场所，在体育场建设中市场占有率大，其技术精度高，质量好，使用寿命长，一般可达25年以上。

(1)喷头为不锈钢质地，标准橡胶顶盖，TORO690系列，洒水时自动升起，关闭时自动缩合，地理式，可保证运动员比赛时的安全。

(2) 根据设计图纸要求，足球场设置喷头35个，每个喷头的喷洒半径可达到20米，可以调节。设置网式过滤器，喷洒角度30—360度可以从顶部调节，能够充分浇灌草坪场地，确保场地中无漏喷。

(3) 喷灌系统包括TORO控制器、电磁阀，配备湿度感探头，自动控制喷洒，做到既经济又实用。喷洒时间与水量可以按需要选择。

(4)管道选用耐腐蚀的PVC管。

综上所述，喷灌系统由喷头、自控器、电磁阀及PVC管组成，交叉式组织喷灌，是当前标准体育场时髦、常用的喷洒系统。

足球场场地施工流程图

沟内水流方向，一般由中间向两端排水，坡度为4‰，施工时根据现场实际情况进行调整，但必须满足沟内排水流畅。

十一、球场基础及跑道铺设（略）

十二、喷灌管道的施工

1．施工必须符合国家现行的安全、质量和卫生规程中有关规定。

2，遵循先地下、后地上和先深后浅的原则。喷灌管道安装应先于球场周围的暗沟及场内滤水盲管施工，待暗沟及盲管施工时派专人看管，对喷灌管道加以保护。

3．根据地区的特定气候，管道埋深度为80cm左右，据管道的埋深深度，管沟开挖深度低于盲管管底标高，沟底应平整。回填土时应分两次进行，下层回填土宜用砂土或符合要求的原土，回土密实。

4．管道安装必须做到横平竖直，管道完毕后，应进行打压试验，试压时间为30分钟。试验结果应符合设计规范及要求。一般要求以喷头压力（6.12㎏）的1.5倍，即9㎏为试压标准，试压需要得到建设单位的认可和通过隐蔽工程验收。

5．严格控制喷头的坐标、标高及喷头半径。喷头布置要求喷洒均匀，喷头标高和位置施工中动态精准校正。喷洒覆盖面不能有死角。喷头安装确保安全，不能伤及运动员。

十三、盲沟施工

1、按照施工图的要求，盲沟走向弹线放样。

2、盲沟开挖按设计要求，流水为3‰，以确保排水通畅，盲沟开挖宽度为30厘米，沟的深度为25－35厘米，沟内不留虚土。

3、盲沟三侧面铺设窗纱(60目)。

4、沟底铺设10cm厚φ3－5cm碎石。

5、碎石上铺设φ100有孔PVC管，PVC管排水口与排水总管接通，并封好接口。

6、用φ3－5cm碎石覆盖盲沟，填至盲沟面平。

十四、铺设滤水层

1、测定标高，铺设15cm厚2-4-6碎石子。

2、对碎石层进行压实、找平。

3、在碎石的面层上满铺窗沙，作防漏砂层，窗沙搭接宽度不小于10厘米。铺设平整。

十五、铺设种植层

先在外场将河沙进行过筛，筛去大粒径石子及杂质，然后按比例掺入土壤改良剂剂，均匀搅拌，搅拌后运进场内，由四周向中心铺摊至设计要求标高，浇水、压实、找平直至达到标准为止。

十六、建设质量的承诺和工期保证（略）

十七、草坪养护方案

（一）、组织措施：

为了保持足球场草坪良好的生长，确保成坪后的保修养护，将组织专门的草坪养护班子，由技术人员、操作工人和有关的行政人员，组织草坪革的日常养护，养护人员将按照草坪生长和球场活动的需要：随时保持与建设单位的联系，做

好防病、治病、修剪、养护，保持草坪革的良好生长，并按照建设方的要求，适时调整草坪草的生长，以适合球场的要求。

（二）、养护方案：

1．苗期管理：建植后的新草坪需大约4－6星期的特殊养护。在此期限间，草坪需频繁浇水以促进根系活跃生长与扎根。要保持土壤湿润直到幼苗达到5cm高，然后逐渐减少浇水次数。在这段时期，需供给幼苗充足的肥料以满足其活跃生长的需要，有利于生长健壮的成熟草坪草的形成。在新草坪首次修剪之前进行轻度滚压，可以促进草根的分蘖与匍匐茎的生长。要注意的是：在建植草坪后的六个月内，对新建草坪要精心护理，尽量不使用，以减少对幼苗的损伤。

2．成坪后的管理；

1)修剪：适时适当的修剪可使草坪保持良好密度、控制杂草、减少病害、维护球场的使用功能。足球场草坪的高度一般保持在4-5cm，在春季每星期修剪一次，在夏季草坪草生长旺期每星期需修剪2次。修剪出的草屑要运出场外处理。

2)施肥：施肥是保持足球场草坪品质的重要措施，施肥的种类和数量要依据当地气候、土壤、草种使用强度和修剪频率而定。气温高，湿度大，草坪草生长慢，需肥少，反之需肥较少。要随时注意草坪草的长势来决定施肥的直接方法。

3）除杂草：发现少量杂草必须人工拔除，杂草数量多时要依靠草坪草的生物学竞争来抑止它们或用化学除草剂来除掉。

4)灌溉：灌溉是足球场草坪草关键的养护管理措施，适时补充土壤水分是常规管理项目。对于足球场草坪要保持其优质品质，必须及时灌溉，通常，种植层干到2－3cm时就要灌溉，苗出齐后每两天灌一次水，少量多次是灌溉的原则，一般在施肥后都要随即灌水，使肥料溶解渗入植物根系生长的土层。

5）覆沙：打孔覆沙的作用是保护草坪的越冬，保持场地平整的重要措施，提高球场表面的弹性，改良土层结构、增加土层的透气性和透水性。为促进根系发育，覆沙的材料应以细沙为主，适当配以有机肥和缓效化肥。覆沙的厚度每次不得超过0.5厘米，使草坪草不会因覆沙窒息而死。

3.比赛前的管理：

比赛前5-7天要对足球场进行综合培养管理、施肥、灌水、修剪等，在比赛前1-2天划线镇压以使草坪呈现出美丽的外观。

4．比赛后的管理：

比赛后的管理通常包括修复踢翻的草皮，在一些地段轻轻滚压以消除表面的凹凸不平。在球门损坏十分严重的区域，在北草区取草皮进行修补，并进行经常性补播草种，以逐渐更新草皮和保持密度。

5．冬季管理：

沙性壤土持水能力差，冬天交水后若遇到连续性相对高温和大风，土壤水分很快散失，影响草坪的正常生长，因而要在白天温度高时浇水，浇至土壤表层湿润为止。不可多浇以免形成积水，进行地热保温，以免草坪造成冻害，保持草坪绿色期。

十八、施工设备及材料（略）

Artificial turf football field

一、The principle of construction

When construct a new stadium, we must first consider the location and direction of the venue. General should choose fresh air in the sunny, easy drainage higher place, at the same time the site should be selected longitudinal north-south direction, so that athletes, spectators and other people as much as possible away from strong sunlight; strive to there is enough space around the stadium, for future development; there is close to the city's roads and railways, to make the audience convenient. In addition, to consider the harmonious surrounding environment, and reflect the principle of safety and comfort.

二、Construction requirements

Football venues must be absolutely flat, natural, should be equipped with a complete drainage system.

1.Yard line: the venue line to backstop the shortest distance: the distance from the edge is 6 meters, 7.5 meters away from the goal line. In the venue of the sidelines should be not less than 1.5 meters wide turf edge.

2.Sewer: the game must have a drainage system, so as not to affect the game due to heavy rain.

3.First aid: ambulance, fire engines and other direct access to the site.

4.Sites around the billboard: when the new stadium building, placed around the site must pay attention to the line of sight of the billboard unstoppable audience. The maximum height of general billboard is 90 cm, the minimum distance between the pitch line and billboards are: line outside the 5 meters behind the goal line, corner point is 2 meters the goal area line; at the intersection of 3.5 meters.

5.Flagpole: The stadium at least need to install five flagpoles, or related facilities can be suspended at least five flags.

二、Football field specifications

Football venue is a rectangle, the length of not more than 120 meters or less than 90 meters, the width of not more than 90 meters or less than 45 meters. In any case, the length should be greater than width. FIFA (FIFA) on site accreditation requirements for 105*68 meters.

Standard pitch length of the line is called side line, standard venue width line called the line. The arena by two lines and two lines are formed, each line width (12 cm) are included in the site (see Figure 1), and the buffer around less than 2 meters.

三、Ground requirements

The slope toward the sides of 4% around 4% in slope slope toward both ends of 3%.

Football field specifications sketch map

The venue is a turtle shaped ground tilt, turf inclination of 4%-5%, which are good for drainage. Players make their high degree of difficulty in training and reasonable collision when the accident happened.

The basis of artificial turf is recommended for the use of economical type C25 cement concrete, thickness of 180mm - 200mm.

四、Artificial turf quality requirements for cement based

1, the smoothness of the qualified rate in more than 96%, 5 meters straight error 3mm.

2, the slope of curve 8%, 5% straight, flat surface should be smooth, ensure the drainage.

3, the strength and stability of surface cracks uniform solid. No broken edge seams, smooth, with about 6000mm*6000mm cut as well. Cushion compaction, compaction degree is greater than 96%, in medium rolling machine pressure after no significant wheelpath. The surface wave phenomenon. Loose.

4, the water layer: the use of new thickening water film, the overlap should be greater than 200mm, the margin of more than 150 mm.

5, maintenance period: basic maintenance period of 3-4 weeks.

五、Football field size (unit: m)

六、Standard artificial grass football field construction process

A. construction scheme

1, before entering the construction of artificial grass products, first of all to roughness on the ground, slope and surface appearance were detected, the error of flatness shall not exceed 3M ruler 3mm, according to the climate characteristics of Guangzhou more precipitation, drainage slope site shall not be less than 0.7%, such as roughness and slope is not up to the above the index, you need to place the basis for rectification, in meet the above requirements, before entering the construction;

2, put the line (measurement), find the center point of the site and the two semi circle, and according to the three point positioning ruler line, set the venue line and sideline intersection, and then set the site in the corner, by the Pythagorean theorem, the exact location of the line, and then set the function point, line position; and mark or paint line appears.

3, the turf moved down a side entrance direction spread, and to ensure that the A1 volume and the bottom line white fabric in the grass is consistent, then followed by the end of each volume turf line to the other end in advance, at the same time, to ensure that the line and line A14 or A15 volume in turf is consistent, the volume A28 the white turf with another line match, on the turf spread process, reduce the wrinkle appears;

4, will also weave white turf part must be manually cut into width of 120mm white line, set aside;

5, the green turf joints overlap 2-3 cm, with grass cutter push from the overlap of the central cut, so that the two sides of the turf as much as possible to close the compact, and then cut with a knife;

6, connect with spread along the turf seams 20 or 30 cm wide, into the grass below, try to make the connection with the turf joint is located in the central (if it is wet, semi dry to dry, and then the angel) universal glue evenly coated with rubber scraper scraping on the connecting belt, put on both sides the turf mosaic, adhered to the connecting band, and with a rubber hammer to beat, thus combining part bonding. If straightened and put together at larger gap, here every 2-5 cm cut a stretch to the interface, in order to ensure the beautiful appearance;

7, the basic turf after the splicing, again pull fixed function of each line, accurate position, with the knife cut, cut the grass out, will be connected with in scraping glue, originally prepared white line back into the grass, after cementation, with a rubber hammer beat repeatedly. In order to bond closely connecting part.

8, when the turf paving after the splicing, the turf pleated part requires opening to straighten paper knife resection overlap, docking, and cementation;

9, turf after all the adhesive, began combing brush grass machine: first time brush grass machine will the lodging grass line comb up.

10, so far the turf paving construction completed.

B, Supplementary filling method

1, according to the 4M*4M specification on the whole point, according to the different height of grass per square meter kilograms sand filling the quartz sand evenly spreading to the specified area, with brushing machine will be uniformly spread and quartz sand grass line comb, and vertical combing once.

2, according to the 4M*4M specification on the whole point, according to the different height of grass per square meter kilograms will note particles of uniform particles spreading to the specified area, with brush grass particles dispersed homogeneously and the machine will comb the grass line, and vertical combing once.

3, after the completion of all the filling, and then brush the grass machine carding comb each time.

4, after the completion of the work, detection and clearance in accordance with the quality of the artificial grass surface layer requirements for the unqualified for rectification.

七、50MM artificial grass surface acceptance criteria

1, appearance:

(1) Artificial turf grass is uniform, and the side line、baseline, point bit line with smooth, straight, uniform color, no chromatic aberration.

(2)The size and location of the function lines,the line width and the location of the functional area are in line with the standard.

(3)No obvious gap between the two pieces of turf seams bonded compact not glue.

(4)Filling sand particles and clean surface, filling full, site flatness error range shall not exceed 3M ruler 1cm.

2, accessories and filler thickness:

50MM artificial grass needs the following accessories:

3, smoothness, slope

Since the thickness of the artificial turf is determined by the length of the grass, and the length of the grass is fixed, there is no need for further testing of the flatness and slope of the artificial grass after the acceptance of the flatness and the slope of the foundation.

4, the precision of each point line distance

For all kinds of functional lines, the marking color and size of the point line shall comply with the requirements of the FIFA rules, and the error shall not exceed 2cm.

As long as you follow the correct operation of the above program, I believe you will be able to build a good artificial grass football field.

Natural grass football field

The football field project, to design the drawings provided by the design unit according to the construction unit ---permeable layer, the design of blind ditch, the plastic surface layer of plastic runway layout, drainage pipeline engineering and technical standards of plane, determine the elevation design.

一、The stadium site standards:

According to the provisions of the International Football Federation, the use of football World Cup finals must be 68m * 105m line and the line outside the protected 2m wide band, so the standard football field lawn area buffer zone is 72m * 109m. and 10~15m usually lawn, used to set up the commercial advertising and the rest of the coaches the above is a professional football studio. The requirements for football field, laid 6 ~8 400m perimeter plastic runway in peripheral lawn.

二、Football field measurement and elevation:

On the point in strict accordance with the survey, review, approval in three steps. Survey, review staff carefully review the drawings. Setting out data calculation. Surveying and review should be carried out in different observation conditions, on the plane by setting out point distance and direction to check, measure and check the error should not be greater than 10 mm, the review qualified after the party, supervision and acceptance. The football field to the elevation of plastic runway surface layer is about 0 of the benchmark, as the elevation base football.

三、The basic requirements of football venues:

The football ground refers to the use of district and the surrounding area. The use of non horizontal relationship due to the climate, in shape and different investment in football ground level, shallow, shallow furrow and high form layout.

四、The football field drainage system:

The football field drainage system including drainage gravel or gravel layer, drainage pipes, drainage duct.

1.Herringbone drainage network with 1 football field of underground drainage engineering, vertical seepage into the drainage pipes, drainage pipes around the drainage duct by access, drainage duct connected to the air ventilation system, the pipeline is used for drainage, and can be used for air conditioning and drainage through the air ventilation system.

2.According to the design and sketch, blind ditch buried with 100mm water pipe (domestic), laying around Phi 150mm pipe.

3.The underground drainage pipe longitudinal drainage slope is 3% (design requirements).

五、Football field soil ventilation system:

The system is provided by the SoilAir technology company of the United States. This system is only used in the higher level courts.

六、Football field structure layer:

In order to meet the requirements of the football field, the structure of the site is as follows:

1、The pebble bed  2、Gravel layer  3、Coarse sand layer  4、sandy soil layer

The structural layer is characterized by:

(1) plus a variety of organic fertilizer with medium and medium sand, the formation of the football field bed Ping planting base, plus sprinkling system, drainage system and heating ventilation system, formed the basic structure of a football field and reasonable, it makes the football field to maintain a good three requirements, namely: solid, gas the entire site, water, good air permeability, good drainage effect, provides a good condition for the grass root development, make the lawn easier to maintain good ping, grass layer, meet the ornamental function and use function of the site.

(2) the site is relatively flat. But the traditional planting turf bed layer after repeated trampling, easy to produce uneven, different degrees of compaction. Sandy loam layer can be cultivated through punching, rolling, sand repair method, the site remains flat.

(3) it is easy to repair the lawn, because it is sandy loam, so it can cut, eradicate, repair, repair, and easy to repair.

(4) the drainage performance of this structure is good, the northern region is hot and rainy in summer, this site can ensure the 150mm / h drainage, so that timely drainage, no water in the field.

七、Football field pitch requirements:

1.according to the requirements of the use of the football field, the football scene should be very smooth.

2.according to the football field of underground drainage network settings, site vertical seepage into the drainage pipes, then enters the central drainage duct, directly discharged outside.

八、Turf grass selection、sowing:

1.football field grass, wear resistance, resistance to trampling, strong regeneration ability, quick recovery, strong resistance, can adapt to the local climate, uniform color.

2.the world is not like a golf course for the football field turf grass species, so only the relative trampling resistance and strong resistance of the species and cultivars. The football field turf grass can grow well under suitable climatic conditions, trampling have very good recovery ability.

In the tropical and subtropical rainy regions, football turf can be selected bermuda grass, Zoysia tenuifolia, Hybrid Zoysia and carpet grass; in the southern transition zone should choose a hardy bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, bentgrass in Prominent and Washington (C-50), resistant varieties such as Houndog in tall fescue Adventure, and Crossfire. In order to make the winter football green, overdrilling. Generally available ryegrass according to the climatic characteristics of overseeding in August or October. In temperate semi-arid region with tall fescue leaves and varieties of Kentucky Bluegrass The resistant varieties are suitable for the football field lawn.

九、Sprinkler irrigation system:

1.sprinkler system made of corrosion-resistant UPVC pipe laying underground irrigation water. Two. Party A shall provide the cyclization flow 28L/S 80m can meet the requirements of the pump head. After the completion of the construction requirements for pipeline pressure test, the test pressure is 1.5 times the working pressure.

2.the football field of nozzle was used (or American beauty TORO690 PK90, her 9000) series. Spray radius of up to 20--29 meters, 6.12KG / cm2. spray nozzle pressure shrinkage on the ground below, at the top of the nozzle with standard rubber cover, to ensure the safety of athletes.

3.sprinkler system selects the American brand TORO series of products, through our extensive market research and long-term construction experience, TORO products are used in the arena, stadium construction in the large market share, the technology of high precision, good quality, long service life, a sort of up to 25 years.

(1) the spray nozzle is made of stainless steel, the standard rubber top cover, TORO690 series, automatically rises when the water is turned on, and when it is closed, it will be automatically condensed, which can ensure the safety of the athletes

(2) according to the requirements of design drawings, the football field set 35 nozzle, spray radius of each nozzle can reach 20 meters, can be adjusted. Set the screen filter, spraying angle of 30 - 360 degrees can be regulated from the top, can fully watering the lawn area, ensure no leakage and blowout venues.

(3) sprinkler system includes TORO controller, solenoid valve, equipped with humidity sensor, automatic control spray, so that both economical and practical.

(4) pipeline corrosion resistant PVC pipe.

To sum up, the sprinkler system is composed of sprinkler head, automatic controller, solenoid valve and PVC tube, and the cross organization sprinkler irrigation is the most advanced and the most commonly used sprinkler system.

Construction flow chart of football field

In the flow direction, generally from the middle to both ends of the drainage, slope is 4 per thousand, the construction according to the actual situation to adjust, but must meet the ditch drainage fluid.

十一、The basis of the stadium and runway laying（Ellipsis）

十二、Sprinkler pipe construction

1.construction must comply with the relevant national safety, quality and health regulations

2.follow the first underground, on the ground after and deep to shallow. The principle of sprinkler pipe installation should be blind ditch and floor water filter before the tube around the stadium construction, and construction of the blind pipe ditch to be assigned to watch, to protect the sprinkler pipe.

3.according to the specific climatic region, pipeline buried depth of about 80cm, according to the pipeline buried depth, trench excavation depth below the blind pipe bottom elevation, the ditch bottom shall be flat. The backfill should be divided into two times, the lower the soil backfill should comply with the requirements of the original soil with sand or soil, compaction.

4.pipe installation must be horizontal and vertical pipe after completion of pressure test should be carried out, the test time is 30 minutes. The results should be consistent with the design specifications and requirements. The general requirements in nozzle pressure (6.12 kg) 1.5 times, 9 kg for the pressure test standard, try to get approval and by construction unit concealed engineering acceptance pressure.

5.coordinate and strictly control the nozzle, and the nozzle radius. Elevation of sprinkler layout requirements of uniform spraying, accurate dynamic correction of nozzle elevation and construction. Position should not be dead. The coverage of spray nozzle is installed to ensure the safety of athletes, not hurt.

十三、Blind ditch construction

1, according to the design requirements, to play the blind ditch line.

2, blind ditch excavation according to design requirements, the water was 3 per thousand, to ensure smooth drainage, blind ditch excavation width of 30 cm, the groove depth of 25 - 35 cm, leaving no soil trench.

3, blind ditch three side laying screens (60 mesh).

4, the ditch laying 10cm thick with 3 5cm gravel.

5, on the 100 hole stone diameter PVC tube, PVC tube drainage and drainage duct connected and sealed interface.

6, 3-5cm gravel covered blind ditch with phi, to fill the blind ditch flat.

十四、Laying the filter layer

1, the determination of elevation, laying 15cm thick 2-4-6 gravel

2, compaction of gravel layer, leveling.

3, in the face of the gravel layer on the window covered with sand, sand sand containment, window lap width not less than 10 cm. Paved.

十五、Laying the planting layer

The first in the field of sand sieve, sieve to large size gravel and impurities, and then according to the proportion of mixed soil improvement agent, mixing, stirring after the approach, from the periphery to the center to spread out the design requirements of elevation, watering, compaction, looking straight to reach the standard.

十六、The construction of the quality of commitment and time limit (Ellipsis)

十七、Lawn maintenance program

(一)、Organizational measures:

Good disease prevention, treatment, pruning, maintenance, maintain the good growth of turf leather, and in accordance with the requirements of the construction side, timely adjust the growth of lawn grass, in order to meet the requirements of the stadium.

(二)、Conservation programme:

1.seedling management: build new lawn after need special maintenance about 4 to 6 weeks. In this period, frequent watering lawn to promote root growth and root activity. To keep the soil moist until seedlings reached as high as 5cm, and then gradually reduce the number of watering. During this period, the need for adequate fertilizer to seedling in order to meet the needs of active growth, is conducive to the formation of mature turf growth robust. Mild rolling before the new lawn first pruning can promote root tillering and stolon growth. It should be noted that: in the six months after planting lawn in to take care of the new lawn, as far as possible do not use, in order to reduce damage to seedlings.

2. The management after into a flat ;

1) pruning: proper pruning can make good turf density, weed control, reduce disease, maintain the course function. The height of football turf is generally maintained at 4-5cm, every week in the spring pruning time, growth in the summer grass stage every week to trim 2 times. Cut out the clippings to transport out of the ground.

2): fertilizer fertilization is an important measure to keep football turf quality, type and quantity of fertilizer to the soil according to the local climate, use intensity and grass mowing frequency. And the high temperature, high humidity, turf grass growth slow, need less fat, and less fertilizer. The direct method should always pay attention to the grass to determine the growth and fertilization.

3) weed: found a small amount of weeds must be manually removed, a large number of biological competition weeds to rely on turf grass to suppress them or use of chemical herbicides to get rid of.

4) irrigation: irrigation is the most important football field turf maintenance and management measures, timely supplement of soil moisture is the conventional project management. For football turf to maintain its high quality, timely irrigation, usually, planting layer dry to 2 3cm when irrigation,once every two days after irrigation water, a few times irrigation principle, in general should immediately after fertilization, irrigation, fertilizer dissolved into the plant root growth of the soil.

5) sand: drilling sand's role is to protect the lawn in winter, an important measure to keep site formation, improve the playing surface elasticity, improve soil structure, increase soil permeability and water permeability. In order to promote the development of root system, sand material should be sand based, with appropriate organic fertilizer and slow-release fertilizer the thickness of the sand. Each time shall not exceed 0.5 cm, the grass sand not because of suffocation.

3.Before the game management:

5-7 days before the game to the football field to carry out a comprehensive training management, fertilization, irrigation, pruning, etc., in the first 1-2 days before the game to suppress the lawn to show a beautiful appearance

4.After the game management:

After the game the management usually includes repair over turf, in some areas to eliminate the uneven surface of the gently rolling. The damage is very serious in the repair area, north area to take grass turf, and often make seeds to gradually update and maintain turf density.

5.Winter management:

Sandy loam with poor water holding capacity, the winter water when the continuity of the relatively high temperature and strong winds, soil moisture quickly dissipated, affect the normal growth of the lawn and in the daytime temperature is high water, poured to the soil surface moisture so far. Not much water so as to avoid the formation of geothermal water, heat preservation, so as not to cause damage of the lawn keep the green lawn, period.

十八、Construction equipment and materials (omitted)